| 1 |
First Plan (1951 - 56) |
It was based on Harrod-Domar Model.
Community Development Program was launched in
1952.
Emphasized on agriculture, price stability,
power & transport.
It was more than a success, because of good
harvests in the last two years. |
| 2 |
Second Plan (1956 - 61) |
Also called Mahalanobis Plan after its chief
architect.
Its objective was rapid industrialization.
Advocated huge imports which led to emptying of
funds leading to foreign loans. It shifted basic
emphasis from agriculture to industry far too
soon. During this plan, price level increased by
30%, against a decline of 13% during the First
Plan. |
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A D V E R T I S E M E N T
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| 3 |
Third Plan (1961 - 66) |
At its conception time, it was felt that
Indian economy has entered a take-off stage.
Therefore, its aim was to make India a
'self-reliant' and 'self-generating' economy.
Also, it was realized from the experience of
first two plans that agriculture should be given
the top priority to suffice the requirement of
export and industry.
Complete failure due to unforeseen misfortunes,
viz. Chinese aggression (1962), Indo-Pak war
(1965), severest drought in 100 years (1965-66). |
| 4 |
Three Annual Plans (1966-69) |
Plan holiday for 3years. The prevailing
crisis in agriculture and serious food shortage
necessitated the emhasis on agriculture during
the Annual Plans.
During these plans a whole new agricultural
strategy involving wide-spread distribution of
High-Yielding Varieties of seeds, the extensive
use of fertilizers, exploitation of irrigation
potential and soil conservation was put into
action to tide-over the crisis in agricultural
production.
During the Annual Plans, the economy basically
absorbed the shocks given during the Third Plan,
making way for a planned growth. |
| 5 |
Fourth Plan (1969 - 74) |
Main emphasis on agriculture's growth rate
so that a chain reaction can start.
Fared well in the first two years with record
production, last three years failure because of
poor monsoon.
Had to tackle the influx of Bangladeshi refugees
before and after 1971 Indo-Pak war. |
| 6 |
Fifth Plan(1974-79) |
The fifth plan prepared and launched by D.D.
Dhar proposed to achieve two main objectives
viz, 'removal of poverty' (Garibi Hatao) and
'attainment of self reliance', through promotion
of high rate of growth, better distribution of
income and a very significant growth in the
domestic rate of savings.
The plan was terminated in 1978 (instead of
1979) when Janta Govt.came to power. |
| 7 |
Rolling Plan (1978 - 80) |
There were 2 Sixth Plans. One by Janta Govt.
(for 78-83) which was in operation for 2 years
only and the other by the Congress Govt. when it
returned to power in 1980. |
| 8 |
Sixth Plan (1980 - 85) |
Objectives: Increase in national income,
modernization of technology, ensuring continuous
decrease in poverty and unemployment, population
control through family planning, etc. |
| 9 |
Seventh Plan (1985 - 90) |
The Seventh plan emphasized policies and
programs which aimed at rapid growth in
food-grains production, increased employment
opportunities and productivity within the
framework of basic tenants of planning.
It was a great success, the economy recorded 6%
growth rate against the targeted 5%. |
| 10 |
Eighth Plan (1992 - 97) |
The eighth plan was postponed by two years
because of political upheavals at the Centre and
it was launched after a worsening Balance of
Payment position and inflation during 1990-91.
The plan undertook various drastic policy
measures to combat the bad economic situation
and to undertake an annual average growth of
5.6%
Some of the main economic performances during
eighth plan period were rapid economic growth,
high growth of agriculture and allied sector,
and manufacturing sector, growth in exports and
imports, improvement in trade and current
account deficit. |
| 11 |
Ninth Plan (1997- 2002) |
It was developed in the context of four
important dimensions: Quality of life,
generation of productive employment, regional
balance and self-reliance. |
| 12 |
Tenth Plan (2002 - 2007) |
To achieve the growth rate of GDP @ 8%.
Reduction of poverty ratio to 20% by 2007 and to
10% by 2012.
Providing gainful high quality employment to the
addition to the labour force over the tenth plan
period.
Universal access to primary education by 2007.
Reduction in gender gaps in literacy and wage
rates by atleast 50% by 2007.
Reduction in decadal rate of population growth
between 2001 and 2011 to 16.2%.
Increase in literacy rate to 72% within the plan
period and to 80% by 2012.
Reduction of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) to 45
per 1000 live births by 2007 and to 28 by 2012.
Increase in forest and tree cover to 25% by 2007
and 33% by 2012.
All villages to have sustained access to potable
drinking water by 2012.
Cleaning of all major polluted rivers by 2007
and other notified stretches by 2012. |
|
AKHAND PRATAP SINGH
